Sunday 2 August 2020

Jestija

This is "ognjište" a central hearth found in traditional Balkan Slavic houses...The word comes from "oganj" (fire) and so "ognjište" literally means fireplace...


Ognjište was a sacred place, the centre of the domestic cult, where "sacred" "eternal" fire burned all the time maintained by the housewife...It was also the house altar where sacrifices were made... I talked about this in my articles "Fire goddess", "Bride and hearth" and "Blessed fire from the tinder fungus"...

When a new house was built, the new house fire had to be either brought from the old house, or if that was for some reason not possible, it had to be ritually kindled using a fire-drill...I talked about this in my article "New house"... 

Ognjište was also the place where all the food was prepared...Stews and soups were cooked in cauldrons hang on "verige" chain which was also considered sacred...I talked about this in my article "Verige"...  

Or they were cooked in clay pots on the paved area around or in front of the hearth/fireplace with hot coals piled around the base. Very efficient way of cooking as the heat rises up through the pot...


Bread was baked on the same paved area around or in front of the hearth/fireplace, under clay/metal tops covered with hot coals.




Now....The interesting bit 🙂 The Ancient Greek equivalent of "ognjište" is "ἑστία" (hestía) also found as ἱστία (histía), meaning "hearth, fireplace, altar, (figuratively) house, family"...The etymology unknown, believed to be Pre-Greek... 

This Ancient Greek word doesn't have any IE Cognates...Except one. Another Slavic word meaning "hearth, paved area around or in front of a hearth, fireplace, oven". That word is Jesteja (pronounced Yesteya) also found as Jestej (Yestey) Isteje (Eestye)...

jestej, m., hist. apel. miesto, kde sa niečo páli, pálenisko (psl. jestěja, zachované
v stčeš. niestějě ohnište, otvor do pece, čes. nístěj, vykladá sa z vъnjestěji,
Mch., dluž. jesće, jěsćeje, slovin. isteje atď.). – Jezte 1333, Jesthe
1427, Jesticze 1773, dnes Jestice, obv. Rimavská Sobota (v záznamoch
a v maďar. jeszte po odsunutí koncového j); názov podľa páleniska uzavretého
v jame alebo otvoreného páleniska v prírode; reálnosť výkladu názvu
potvrdzuje názov susednej obce Dechtáre (p. hes. degtár), dnes Gemerské
Dechtáre, od dechtári výrobcovia dechtu pálením dreva alebo uhlia v peciach
na to upravených. 

I couldn't find any etymology of these words...But considering that their meaning is "the place where fire burns and where food is prepared" maybe they come from the Proto-Slavic "*ěsti", from Proto-Balto-Slavic "*ēˀstei", from Proto-Indo-European "*h₁édti" meaning "to eat"???

Which would make Jesteja (Yesteya) the place where food was cooked...Which is exactly what "ognjište" and hestia was...Domestic fire...Not any fire...The fire where food was cooked...

Interesting...

3 comments:

  1. In Serbo-Croatian "Jesti" means "to eat". I never heard of the word "Jestija". Your example sounds like Polish language. I am Croat.

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    1. You are correct. The word Jestija is not found in Serbo-Croatian as far as I know...It is found in Slovenian, Slovakian, Czech...look for jestěja in https://is.muni.cz/th/u9cnf/DP-FINAL-TISK-ODEVZDANI.pdf

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    2. In Poland we have sacred spot called in the Masovian dialect "Joście".
      Paupers (dziady/дједи) were fed there during holidays.

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